Exploring data 1

1.      Exploring data

2.1 Data frame

The data frame displays a collection of layers drawn in a particular order for a given map extent and map projection. The table of contents on the left side of the map window shows the list of layers in the data frame.

Each layer in the data frame is used to display information from a dataset (such as a feature class or an image file). The table of contents lists the drawing order of each layer.

Keep status bar active

·         Go to view

·         Check status bar

2.1 Using symbols and styles

A key aspect of creating a beautiful map is the choice of symbols, colors, and map elements that you will use.

Exercise 2.1

Add Ethio_Road, Ethio_River, Ethio_town and Regional_Capitals

	Symbol	Colour	Size
Ethio_Road	Automobile Tunnel	Black	2
Ethio_River	River	Blue	1.5
Ethio_town	Circle	black	12
Regional_Capitals	square	Green	14

Navigating in the data frame and working with its layers

The Tools toolbar is one of the primary ways that you interact with geographic information displayed in the data frame. It contains tools for working with the contents within the active data frame—for example, to pan and zoom your map, to identify features, and to measure distances.

Functions on the Tools toolbar

Button	Name	Function
	Zoom In	Allows you to zoom in to a geographic window by clicking a point or dragging a box.
	Zoom Out	Allows you to zoom out from a geographic window by clicking a point or dragging a box.
	Pan	Allows you to pan the data frame.
	Full Extent	Allows you to zoom to the full extent of your map.
	Fixed Zoom In	Allows you to zoom in on the center of your data frame.
	Fixed Zoom Out	Allows you to zoom out on the center of your data frame.
	Back	Allows you to go back to the previous extent.
	Forward	Allows you to go forward to the next extent.
	Select Features	Allows you to select features graphically, by clicking or dragging a box around them. You can also use the Select By Polygon, Lasso, Circle, and Line tools to select features using graphics drawn to the screen.
	Clear Selection	Unselects all the currently selected features in the active data frame.
	Select Elements	Allows you to select, resize, and move text, graphics, and other objects placed on the map.
	Identify	Identifies the geographic feature or place on which you click.
	Hyperlink	Triggers hyperlinks from features.
	HTML Pop-up	Triggers HTML pop-up windows from features.
	Measure	Measures distances and areas on your map.
	Find	Finds features in the map.
	Find Route	Allows you to calculate point-to-point routes and driving directions.
	Go To XY Location	Allows you to type an x,y location and navigate to it.
	Open Time Slider Window	Opens a time slider window for working with time-aware layers and tables.
	Create Viewer Window	Allows you to create a new viewer window by dragging a rectangle.

Exercise 2.2: Find the four corners location of Ethiopia

1.     In which region of Ethiopia  do the following locations found?

§  Long 38°54'0”E lat 5°21’36”N in Region ___________________

§   Long 34.081 lat 8.01 in Region ____________________

§  (UTM) 37N 559182 0376092 ____________________

2.     From  Ethoi_Town and find Dila Town

3.     Find the straight line distance from Addis Ababa to Bahir Dar ___________

4.     measure the straight line distance from northern tip to southern tip of Ethiopian in Km ________

5.     measure the straight line distance from Eastern  tip to Western  tip of Ethiopian in Km___________

2.3 Working with windows

ArcMap provides three additional map windows to view the spatial data on your map:

·         a Magnifier window, 

·         a Viewer window,

·         Overview window.

2.4 Coordinate systems for map display

·         Map purpose

·         Map extent

·         Map orientation

·         Latitude range

Specifying a coordinate system

To see if your data source has a coordinate system defined,

·         right-click the layer in the ArcMap table of contents, and

·         click Properties to open the Layer Properties dialog box.

·         Click the Source tab, then look in the Data Source box.

·         You can also use the Catalog window to see if your data has a coordinate system defined.

Changing the data frame's coordinate system

1. Right-click the data frame name and choose Properties to bring up the Data Frame Properties dialog box.
2. Click the Coordinate System tab and navigate to the desired coordinate system for your map display
3. Once you have located the coordinate system you can add it to your Favorites folder by clicking the Add To Favorites button or right-clicking on it and selecting Add To Favorites

4.      To set the data frame coordinate system to be the same as a particular layer in the data frame, open the Layers folder and select the coordinate system.

5.      Once the coordinate system is expanded, you will see the layers that reference it.

6.      To set the data frame coordinate system to be the same as a layer that is not in the data frame, click the Add Coordinate System drop-down menu, select Import, and browse to a data source that is defined with the coordinate system you want to use.

7.      Using Import you can also import previously saved .prj files.

Exercise 2.3

·         Open a new  ArcMap What is the coordinate system _____________________________

·         Add ethio region  data and identify the coordinate system  of the map layer______________

·         What is the coordinate of the map frame _________________________________

·         Convert the map frame to   make sure the map unit is decimal degree __________________

2.5  Labeling Features

Labeling is the process of placing descriptive text onto or next to features on the map. It is useful to add descriptive text to your map for many features. Labeling can be a fast way to add text to your map, and it avoids you having to add text for cach feature manually. In addition. ArcMap labeling dynamically generates and places text for you. To label features:

To label features:

.1Right click on the name of the layer

2. Click on Label Features

N.B if you want to change the property of labels

3. Click Labels

4. Change the label field

5. Change the size and color of text symbol

6. Click ok

Exercise 2. 4:

Labele the regions of Ethiopia by their capital city

Use (font type - Times new Roman, font size — 14, font color — Blue and make it italic and bold)

2.6 Changing color by category

It uses for qualitative and homogeneous or no rank/value data

I. Right click on the layer name

2. Click on property

3. Click on Symbology

4. Click on category

5. Click on unique values

6. Select the value field in the combo box

7. Click on Add All Values button

Exercise 2.5 : show Ethiopia regions by category and make the color (SNNPR (blue,)

Oromia yellow, and Amhara (Green.)

2.7 Changing color by Quantity:-  to show value/rank

( add

2.7.1  Graduated color

1. Right click on the layer name

2. Click on property

3. Click on symbology

4. Click on quantity

5. Click on graduated color

6. Select the field value. This field should numeric field.

7. You can change the number of class and class limits

Exercise 2.6: show total Disability of regions of Ethiopia in graduated colour

Is the problem is serious in  Gambella region ? ________________________________

Is the number of blinds take a  great share of total disabilities in Gambela region than other regions?  ___________________

2.7.2 Graduated Symbol

1. Right click on the layer name

2. Click on property

3. Click on symbology

4. Click on quantity

5. Click on graduated symbol

6. Click on field value

7. Like graduated color if you want to change number of class and class limits, you can change hcre also

8. If you want change the mi and max size of the symbol

9. Click ok

2.7.3  Dot Density Symbol

1. Right click on the layer name

2. Click on property

3. Click on symbology

4. Click on quantity

5. Click on Dot density

6. Select the field and click add arrow

7. Ir you want you can change the value of one point

8. Click ok

Exercise 2.7: show number of  people unable to see by dot density for each region

 (use a single point for 1000 people

2.7.4 Changing color by Charts:

Pie chart: It uses to compare two and more quantitative field values

1. Right click on the layer name

2. Click on property

3. Click on symbology

4. Click on Charts

5. Click on Pie

6. Select the field and click add arrow

7. If you want you can change the size of pie charts

8. Click ok

Exercise2.8

Show the sources of drinking water for each region Tap, protected well and unprotected well and from river/lake

Bar/Column Charts

1. Right click on the layer name

2. Click on property

3. Click on symbology

4. Click on Charts

5. Click on Bar/column

6. Select the field and click add arrow 7

7. If you want you can change the size of Bar graph

8. Click ok

Exercise2.8: show a chart column of types of hearing impediments of each regions (difficult of hearing, unable to speaking, difficulty of speak and deaf no speak)

2.8 Producing report

you can produce a report from attribute table : to produce a graph

1. Right click on the layer

2. open attribute table

3. Go to table option

4. Create Graph

to produce a table

1. Right click on the layer

2. open attribute table

3. Go to table option

4. Create Export

Exercise 2.9: report the following
1) prepare a graph shows total disables in each regions  ( use Ethio_Disables)

1) prepare a graph shows total disables in each regions  ( use Ethio_Disables)

2) generate  a report the total average, mean, stdv of disabilities of each regions (use Disability_2007)

3) Produce excel data which contains min, max, sum, average, variance and standard deviation  of each disability type ( use Disability_2007)

3) Export the data for disability_2007.shp file in excel sheet